Pneumatically operated hammer device



Sept. 1.7, 1957 w. v. coRNE'rT PNEUMATICALLY OPERATED HAMMER DEvcE FiledSept. 9. 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet l Viv" "43 MWENTOR.y WALTER v. vcoms/ETTATTORNE YS Sept. 17, 1957 w. v. coRNl-:TT

PNEUMATICALLY OPRATED HAMMER DEVICE Filed sein. sa,v 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 JNVENToR.' WALTER V. CORNETT ATTORNEYS' PNEUMATICALLY GPERATEDHAMMER DEVICE Walter V. Cornett, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application September 9, 1952, Serial No. 308,681

2 Claims. (Cl. 241-271) This invention relates to a pneumaticallyoperated hammer device, and has for its object the provision of a devicehaving a pneumatic hammer mounted on a carriage, said carriage beingmovably mounted on a platform, said platform being movably mounted onrails to permit longitudinal adjustment of said platform over a materialto be broken. As the carriage is movable transverse the platform, thehammer carried by said carriage can-by the conjoint positioning of saidcarriage and platformbe positioned to strike at any point within thearea of a xed breaking table positioned below said platform and uponwhich the material to be broken is placed.

Another object is to provide a hammer device of the class described incombination with a bulldozer, the latter used to position and removematerial on the breaking table of the hammer device.

A further object is to provide a hammer balanced by being in the centerof its supporting carriage.

A further object is to centralize all the controls in easy reach of theoperator.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a front elevational view of the hammer device with parts 60,61, 62, 64, 65, 66, removed for the sake of clarity, this View beingtaken looking in the direction of the arrow marked Fig 1 in Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1, including abulldozer in combination therewith;

Figure 3 is a detail view of the air motor 44 and associated parts formoving the carriage C shown in Figures 1 and 2; and

Figure 4 is a diagram showing the piping and connections of theapparatus used in connection with the apparatus shown in the precedingfigures.

This specification and the drawings disclose a preferred embodiment ofthe device to illustrate the invention; however, when the inventiveconcept herein described is undertood, it is obvious that many changescan be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts Withoutdeparting from the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Referring to Figure l, numeral denotes a substantial concrete basecarrying a breaking table 11 of cast iron having upwardly extendingsides 12, 13, and having a trough-like formation running the full lengthof the base. Table 11 is adapted to carry any kind of material such asslabs, billets and the like S requiring a heavy impact blow to breakthem into smaller pieces. The machine is designed to handle either hotor cold material. The base 10 has upstanding supports 14, 15, runningthe full length of the base, and carrying secured thereto rails ortracks 16, 17, supporting the wheels or rollers 18, 19, 20, 21, of thelongitudinally movable platform generally denoted as P or framework, theside members of which are shown at 22, 23. Such platforms are about 17feet wide, as seen in Figure 1, and are of heavy construction.Additional wheels 24, -as many as desired-may be used to support saidplatform.

The platform is of any suitable construction, and in nited States PatentO ice 2 addition to the side members 22, 23, has cross members 26, 27.

Secured to side member 23 is a bracket 28 supporting a suitable motor29, which via chain 30 drives the shaft 31 extending across the platformand journaled on side member 22. This shaft carries sprocket 32, drivingchain 33 to sprocket 34 on the shaft of pulley 18 to drive the latter. Asprocket 35 on shaft 31 via chain 36 drives sprocket 37, secured to theshaft of pulley 19.

By the foregoing means motor 29 operated in the proper direction byvalve controls 37EL to be presently described, will move the platformpreviously described in either direction along rails 16, 17.

When valve 37a connected to the main air supply 89 admits air to pipe37b to the motor 29 for rotation in one direction, it vents pipe 37e toatmosphere. When valve 37a is moved to its other position, air isadmitted to pipe 37s and the direction of the motor is reversed, pipe37b being vented to atmosphere. This is a well known method of operatingair-motors such as 29 and is shown merely for the sake of illustration,as any suitable arrangement of the valve, motor and piping can be used.

The platform P carries thereon a carriage, generally denoted by C,constructed in any suitable manner, supported on four wheels or rollers38, 39, 40, 41, which are suitably removably attached to the undersideof carriage C =by any suitable means such as brackets, two of which areshown at 42, 43, Figure l. Rollers 38 to 41 are supported on the upperface of cross members 26, 27.

As best seen in Figure 3, a suitable motor 44, mounted on platform Cdrives via worm 45, gear 46 and shaft 47, the wheels 39 and 40. Motor 44is controlled by the two-way valve 4S so that the motor can be operatedin either direction to move carriage C to the right or left, Figure l,over platform P when said platform is in any position on rails 16, 17.

To prevent carriage C from moving laterally in respect to members 26,27, four wheels 49, 50, 51, 52, suitably supported in brackets securedto carriage C bear in sidewise relation against members 26, 27. Ifnecessary, these wheels may be grooved to engage the outstanding edgesor flanges on 26, 27, to prevent vertical motion of carriage C as Wellas lateral motion thereof; any other suitable means may be employed toprevent vertical and lateral motion of carriage C so that its motion isconfined to the right-left motion on platform P, as previouslydescribed.

Mounted upon carriage C are four vertical cylinders 53, 54, 55, 56,containing pistons and piston rods, two of which are shown in Figure lat 57, 58. The lower ends of these four rods connect to a baflie plate59 near the corners thereof, said plate having an aperture 59a thereinto permit a hammer to extend therethrough as later described.

Cylinders 53 to 56, inclusive, are connected to a hydraulic system, asbest seen in Figure 4, comprising a suitable motor 60 (preferably anelectric motor), driving pump 61 connected to a surge and supply tank 62and to the two-way valve 63 and to a main equalizer 64, and auxiliaryequalizers 65 and 66. The cylinders 53 to S6 are connected to theequalizers in the usual manner.

Referring to Figure 4, when the handle of valve 63, shown at theimmediate right of the operators seat in Figure 2 is moved in onedirection, hydraulic fluid flows from pump 61 via pipe 61a to valve 63and from the valve via pipe 6317 to the main equalizer 64 from which thefluid flows via pipes 64a, 64b to the auxiliary equalizers 65 and 66.From the auxiliary equalizers the uid ows via pipes 65a, 65b, 65C, 65dto the cylinders 53, 54, 55 and 56 and raises the pistons connected toplate 59 to raise the plate. Where the handle of valve 63 is in itscenter or neutral position, the valve is closed and the pistons held inthe adjusted position and the pipe 63e is closed off in the usual mannerand the pistons are held immovable with the plate raised as high asdesired. Pipe 61a is then connected via valve 63 to pipe 63C and tank62. To lower plate 59 the handle of valve 63 is moved in the oppositedirection and hydraulic uid flows via pipes 65a, 6,5b, 65C and 65d fromcylinders 53 to 56 incl. to the auxiliary equalizers 65 and 66 and fromthese and from 65 and 66 to the main equalizer 64 and via pipe 6313 tovalve 63 and then via pipe 63C to tank 62. This permits the liquid todrain from the cylinders and plate 59 is lowered to the desired extent.During the lowering operation, pipe 61a is connected to pipe 63e andValve 63 in the usual manner and the liquid from pump 61 is delivered totank 62 via pipe 611; and from the tank to the pump. The capacity ofpipe 63C and the tank is sutilcient to take the return flow from thecylinders 53 to 56 incl. as well as the liquid circulated by the pump.This is a well known method of operating cylinders such as 53 to 56incl. and is shown merely for the sake of illustration, as any suitablearrangement of pump, valve, tank, equalizers and cylinders can be used.

The parts 53 to 56, and the pistons and rods and plate 5,9, parts 60 to66, inclusive, are all carried by carriage C and move therewith, and bymanipulating valve 63, the plate 59 may be raised and lowered toaccommodate slabs or billets S of varying thicknesses and held in anydesired position.

A suitable pneumatic hammer assembly generally denoted by the numeral67, and which may be of the type described in detail in the co-pendingapplication Ser. No. 705,446, tiled October 24, 1946, now U. S. PatentNumber 2,613,923, issued October 14, 1952, is mounted on carriage C,which has an opening therein to permit the passage of the hammer head 68and the piston rod 69 therethrough. The stroke of said hammer is asshown in dotted lines Figure l. For this present application, it issucient to describe the hammer mechanism as powerful enough toreciprocate a heavy hammer head and to strike a regulated blow of 500 to2500 foot pounds.

A two-way valve mechanism 70 is connected to the hammer as best seen inFigure 4 and by means of handle 71, said valve may be manipulated tovary the speed of the blows of said hammer and their intensity.

` When handle 71 is in the vertical position for example in the centerin the type of valve shown in Figure 4 the air supply 89 is shut olf.

When handle 71 is moved upwardly valve 70 connects the air from 89 topipe 89a and to the cylinder of the hammer assembly 67 below the pistonand raises the piston therein. At the same time the pipe 89b is ventedto 'atmosphere at 70a by the valve. To move the piston downwardly,handle '71 is moved downwardly, admitting air via pipe 89b above thepiston, and at the same time venting pipe 89a to atmosphere at 70a. Thisis a .well known method of operating pneumatic hammers of the lassdescribed, and is shown merely for the sake of illustrating as anyvsuitable arrangement of valve 70, air supply 89, hammer assembly 67 andpiping can be used.

A bulldozer attachment may be employed with the device previouslydescribed, and may comprise an extension 72 to base 10 carrying the longcylinder 73 having a piston and piston rod, and upon the outer end ofthe rod is' mounted the pusher blade 74 of the bulldozer, said bladebeing adapted to t the trough-like breaking table 11 so as to push slabS onto said table from the rear of the device and out of the front 75thereof. The bulldozer may, therefore, be used to load and unload thetable 11.

VvThe blade 74 is Von an angle, the bottom thereof pro-A ject/ingforwardly, and thereY may be runners 76, 77, extending rearwardly toguide said blade. 73ispivoted at 78, 79, to permit it to movevertically.

' The plates 80 and 8,1 are secured to extension 72 of tliebasve, or, inany other manner, so as. to remain xed The cylinder.

4 to support the rear. end of cylinder 73 to take the thrust of thebulldozer.

By means of a flexible hose 82, 83, the cylinder 73 is connected via thefour-way valve 84 to tank 85 and pump 36 driven by motor 87. Bymanipulating valve 84 as usual, the piston rod 88 may be caused to moveblade 74 toward the front of the device, and withdraw the bladetherefrom.

When blade 74 is moved to the right Figure 4, the pipe 82 connected tothe rear end of cylinder 73 is connected to valve 84 and to pipe 84a toreceive liquid from pump 86. At the same time pipe 83 is connected byvalve 84 to pipe 84b to receive the liquid ahead of the piston incylinder 73 and conduct it to tank 85 from which it returns to pump 86via pipe 84C. When the process is reversed, to move blade 74 to theleft, valve 84 is moved to the opposite position, and then liquid flowsfrom the pump 86 via pipe 84a to valve 84 and via pipe 83 to the frontend of cylinder. 73,-pushing the piston therein to the left. At thesamel time pipe 82 is connected by valve 84 via pipe 8,4b to tank 85.This arrangement of cylinder 73, valve 84, motor. 87, pump 86 and tank85 and the connecting piping shown in Figure 4 is well known and inextensive use and is. here shown merely by way of illustration, as anysuitable means can be employed to move the blade 74 as described.

To usel the device, the main air supply 89 is connected by the usualiiexible hose to a suitable air compressor (not shown) and motors 87 and60 are started, operating oil pumps 61 and 86. The operator now occupiesseat 96 where he can easily reach control valves 37a, 48, 63 and 71.

By operating valve 84, the bulldozer blade 74 is moved left as far as itwill go, and by operating valve 37EL the operator runs platform Pcarrying carriage C to the left over thev bulldozer blade to expose thebreaking table 11. The material S is now placed on table 11 and may bepositioned thereon by using the bulldozer in a manner that will beobvious.

The operator byyalve 37a now moves platform P over the material S sothat hammer 68 will strike the same. If lateral adjustment is necessary,the operator manipulates valve 48 thereby moving carriage C acrossplatform P until they hammer 68 is properly positioned to do its work.

The operator now manipulates valve 71 striking as many blows as desired,and manipulating valves 37a and 48 to position the hammer relative tothe work S, to strike a blow at any point within the area of work table11.

The operator, therefore, can at all times move the hammer longitudinallyon tracks 16, 17, andV transversely by carriage Con platform'P, and ifnecessaryncan ad-` just bafile plate 59` to overlie the work S toprevent fragments thereof from striking the bottom of the platform P.

When the. slab VSV is suiciently brokenfthe Voperator bymeans of. valve37E-runs platform P to the extreme left, and stooping over on leavinghis seat, operates valve 84 to cause theV bulldozer blade 74 to push thefragments of S to the right, off the table 11 and into a hopper or bin:

provided at the right, Figure 2.

It will be obvious that valve 84 may be connected by a cable to a handlenear the seat whereby an operator can manipulate said valve'withoutleaving his seat. Also the necessary starting switches Vfor motors 60and 87 can be positioned near' said seat.

What is. claimed is:

l. A machine ofthe character described comprising a base having a pairofupstanding side walls on opposite sides thereof. to define a trough, apair yof parallel rails secured alongthe top. edges of said side walls,a platform mounted on said rails, said platform including a pair YoflwheelV supported elongate side members longitudinally overlying andsupportedl on said rails and a pair of spaced parallel cross membersextending between and interconnecting said side membersfineans mountedon said platform for driving said wheels, a carriage having wheels onits under side engaged upon said cross members and having drive meanstherefor for movement of the carriage transversely of the platform, apneumatically operated hammer mounted on said carriage for reciprocationalong a substantially vertical axis, a plurality of vertical cylindersmounted on said carriage, pistons rods extending downwardly from saidcylinders, and a horizontal baille plate carried by the lower ends ofsaid piston rods and having an opening therein through which said hammeris movable.

2. A machine of the character described comprising a base having a pairof upstanding side walls on opposite sides thereof to define a trough, apair of parallel rails secured along the top edges of said side walls, aplatform mounted on said rails, said platform including a pair of wheelsupported elongate side members longitudinally overlying and supportedon said rails and a pair of spaced parallel cross members extendingbetween and interconnecting said side members, means mounted on saidplat- 5 form for driving said wheels, a carriage having wheels on itsunder side engaged upon said cross members and having drive meanstherefor for movement of the carriage transversely of the platform, apneumatically operated hammer mounted on said carriage for reciprocationalong a substantially vertical axis, and a pusher mechanism mountedbetween the side walls of said base for moving material beneath thehammer.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 908,381Bennett Dec. 29, 1908 1,138,627 Considine May 11, 1915 1,891,221 CornettDec. 20, 1932 2,481,917 Exum Sept. 13, 1949 2,613,923 Cornett Oct. 14,1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 4,923 Great Britain Feb. 28, 1906 28,479 SwedenMar. 5, 1910

